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military tribune
A military tribune (Latin ''tribunus militum'', "tribune of the soldiers", Greek ''chiliarchos'', χιλίαρχος) was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion. Young men of Equestrian rank often served as military tribune as a stepping stone to the Senate.〔Dio, LXVII, 2.〕 The ''tribunus militum'' should not be confused with the elected political office of tribune of the people ''(tribunus plebis)'' nor with that of tribunus militum consulari potestate.
==Early Rome==
The word ''tribunus'' derives from ''tribus'', "tribe."〔Entry on ''tribunus'', ''Oxford Latin Dictionary'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982, 1985 reprinting), p. 1972.〕 In Rome's earliest history, each of the three tribes (Ramnes, Luceres, and Tities) sent one commander when an army was mustered,〔Varro, ''De lingua latina'' 5.80.〕 since there was no standing army. The tribunes were commanders of the original legion of 3,000. By the time of the Greek historian Polybius (d. 118 BC), the tribunes numbered six, and they were appointed by the consuls.〔Polybius, (6.12.6. )〕 However, the process by which tribunes were chosen and assigned is complex and varies at different times.
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